With the second presidential debate behind us, we’ve now seen the Democratic and Republican candidates debate in the town hall style. This allowed them to use the stage freely and for us to watch them respond to questions. No matter what your political views, if you watched the debate, you undoubtedly have your own views about their performance.

We found the body language that Clinton and Trump used when sharing the stage to provide powerful messages for women seeking to break through bias. Clinton followed political tradition and sat down when she wasn’t answering questions, but Trump stood for the entire debate. Trump moved around the stage the whole time, often walking in circles, and standing behind his chair with his hands on the back of the chair. This posture is one of the positions we refer to in Breaking Through Bias as a “power pose.” When Clinton was talking, Trump paced and circled, which is a dominant power display animals often use to show they are in control. But another way to interpret his prowling is that of an anxious, caged animal.

And what about Clinton’s use of the stage? She chose not to extend her hand to Trump at the beginning of the debate, which sent the signal she would not shake his hand if he extended his hand. She walked towards the people asking her questions to make a connection with them. She showed respect and interest in them, often asking them about themselves. (“Are you a teacher?” “It sounds like you’re in the [energy] business.”) To us, one of her most masterful ways in using the stage was when she walked into Trump’s side of the stage to listen to and answer audience questions. By walking in front of Trump, Clinton made it difficult for Trump to interrupt her. Overall, we saw Clinton masterfully avoided the Goldilocks Dilemma. She appeared strong and competent (without appearing too tough), while also appearing pleasant and engaged.

We discuss the importance of body language and tone of voice for women seeking to overcome gender bias in Breaking Through Bias. In what follows, we provide a few additional body language tips.

• An open body posture shows confidence and approachability. Crossed arms send the message that you’re not inclusive or unapproachable (unless, of course, the room is freezing and you’re simply trying to stay warm).
• Use calm, powerful, and expansive body language.
• Make sure you take up as much space as others. When sitting, bring papers and spread out.
• Use smooth and natural hand gestures that are not exaggerated.
• Resist fidgeting, touching your hair, and playing with your jewelry.
• Use a moderate speaking volume, without extreme changes in your pitch.
• Avoid long pauses, hesitations, and space filler words such as “um.”
• Make eye contact – preferably with every person in the group. Avoid looking down or glancing around the room.
• Lean slightly forward and make eye contact when you listen.
• Hold your chin slightly high and keep a warm and pleasant demeanor, showing confidence and inclusiveness.
• Practice “mirroring.” Lean forward when the other person leans forward. Lean back if they do. Speak at the same rate and volume as the other person.

By using these tips, you can present yourself as competent and likable, powerful and warm, forceful and inclusive.

Let us know what you think!